feat: Transfer-Schlagwort mit festem Zielkonto (z. B. REVOLUT -> Konto Revolut)

- Transfer-Regel kann direkt ein Zielkonto tragen (target_account_id); ohne ->
  weiterhin Auto-Erkennung aus dem Buchungstext (Konto-Texte)
- Migration 0010; Endpunkt aktualisiert bestehendes Wort statt Konflikt
- Import bevorzugt das feste Zielkonto, sonst _guess_target_account
- Konten-Seite: Transfer-Erkennung mit Zielkonto-Auswahl + Anzeige am Chip
- Test: festes Zielkonto greift ohne Konto-Texte (75 grün)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/app/models.py

@@ -551,6 +551,11 @@ class CategorizationRule(Base):
     amount_cents: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
     # Wenn True: passende Buchung wird zum Transfer (category_id bleibt leer).
     is_transfer: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
+    # Optionales festes Zielkonto für Transfer-Regeln. Ohne -> Zielkonto wird aus
+    # dem Buchungstext (Konto-Erkennungs-Texte) erraten.
+    target_account_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
+        ForeignKey("accounts.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
+    )
     # Art der Regel: "expense" | "income" | "transfer". Erlaubt, dasselbe Wort je
     # einmal für eine Ausgabe- UND eine Einnahme-Kategorie zu verwenden (das
     # Matching filtert ohnehin nach Buchungsart).

backend/app/routers/categories.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 from ..database import get_db
 from ..deps import get_current_user, get_owned
-from ..models import CategorizationRule, Category, CategoryGroup, MatchField, RuleSource, User
+from ..models import Account, CategorizationRule, Category, CategoryGroup, MatchField, RuleSource, User
 from ..schemas import (
     CategoryCreate,
     CategoryGroupCreate,
@@ -353,7 +353,10 @@ def add_keyword(
 
 
 def _transfer_keyword_out(rule: CategorizationRule) -> TransferKeywordOut:
-    return TransferKeywordOut(id=rule.id, word=rule.pattern, amount_cents=rule.amount_cents)
+    return TransferKeywordOut(
+        id=rule.id, word=rule.pattern, amount_cents=rule.amount_cents,
+        target_account_id=rule.target_account_id,
+    )
 
 
 @router.get("/transfer-keywords", response_model=list[TransferKeywordOut])
@@ -378,15 +381,21 @@ def add_transfer_keyword(
     pattern = normalize_text(payload.word)[:255]
     if not pattern:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST, detail="Leeres Schlagwort")
+    target_id = None
+    if payload.target_account_id is not None:
+        target_id = get_owned(db, Account, payload.target_account_id, user).id
+    # Gleiches Wort existiert schon als Transfer-Regel -> aktualisieren (Betrag/Zielkonto).
     existing = _find_any_rule(db, user, pattern, "transfer")
     if existing is not None:
-        if existing.is_transfer and existing.amount_cents == payload.amount_cents:
+        existing.amount_cents = payload.amount_cents
+        existing.target_account_id = target_id
+        db.commit()
+        db.refresh(existing)
         return _transfer_keyword_out(existing)
-        raise _conflict(db, existing)
     rule = CategorizationRule(
         owner_id=user.id, match_field=MatchField.any, pattern=pattern,
         category_id=None, amount_cents=payload.amount_cents, is_transfer=True,
-        kind="transfer", source=RuleSource.manual, priority=10,
+        target_account_id=target_id, kind="transfer", source=RuleSource.manual, priority=10,
     )
     db.add(rule)
     db.commit()

backend/app/schemas.py

@@ -441,12 +441,14 @@ class KeywordOut(BaseModel):
 class TransferKeywordCreate(BaseModel):
     word: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=255)
     amount_cents: int | None = Field(default=None, gt=0)
+    target_account_id: int | None = None
 
 
 class TransferKeywordOut(BaseModel):
     id: int
     word: str
     amount_cents: int | None = None
+    target_account_id: int | None = None
 
 
 class FlaggedKeywordOut(BaseModel):

backend/app/services/csv_import.py

@@ -300,6 +300,10 @@ def detect_rows(db: Session, user: User, account: Account, candidates: list[dict
                 matched_rule_id = rule.id
                 if rule.is_transfer:
                     ttype = "transfer"
+                    # Festes Zielkonto der Regel bevorzugen, sonst aus dem Text raten.
+                    if rule.target_account_id and rule.target_account_id != account.id:
+                        to_account_id = rule.target_account_id
+                    else:
                         to_account_id = _guess_target_account(text_idents, payee or "", purpose or "", account.id)
                 else:
                     category_id = rule.category_id

backend/migrations/versions/0010_rule_target_account.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""Transfer-Regeln: optionales festes Zielkonto.
+
+Erlaubt, einem Transfer-Schlagwort direkt ein Zielkonto zuzuweisen (z. B.
+„REVOLUT" -> Konto Revolut). Ohne Zielkonto wird es weiterhin aus dem
+Buchungstext erraten.
+
+Revision ID: 0010
+Revises: 0009
+Create Date: 2026-08-20
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+revision = "0010"
+down_revision = "0009"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    with op.batch_alter_table("categorization_rules") as batch:
+        batch.add_column(sa.Column("target_account_id", sa.Integer(), nullable=True))
+        batch.create_foreign_key(
+            "fk_rule_target_account", "accounts", ["target_account_id"], ["id"], ondelete="SET NULL"
+        )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    with op.batch_alter_table("categorization_rules") as batch:
+        batch.drop_constraint("fk_rule_target_account", type_="foreignkey")
+        batch.drop_column("target_account_id")

backend/tests/test_keywords.py

@@ -249,6 +249,27 @@ def test_transfer_rule_and_target_guess(admin):
     assert rows[1]["to_account_id"] is None
 
 
+def test_transfer_keyword_fixed_target(admin):
+    giro = _account(admin, name="Giro FT")
+    ziel = _account(admin, name="Revolut Konto")
+    # Transfer-Schlagwort „revolut" MIT festem Zielkonto (ohne Konto-Texte).
+    r = admin.post("/api/categories/transfer-keywords",
+                   json={"word": "revolut", "target_account_id": ziel["id"]})
+    assert r.status_code == 201, r.text
+    assert r.json()["target_account_id"] == ziel["id"]
+
+    csv = "Datum;Betrag;Empfaenger;Zweck\n01.03.2026;-25,00;Einkauf REVOLUT;Karte\n"
+    rows = _preview_csv(admin, giro["id"], csv, COLMAP)
+    assert rows[0]["type"] == "transfer"
+    assert rows[0]["to_account_id"] == ziel["id"]
+
+    # Erneutes Anlegen desselben Worts aktualisiert das Zielkonto (kein Konflikt).
+    r2 = admin.post("/api/categories/transfer-keywords",
+                    json={"word": "revolut", "target_account_id": giro["id"]})
+    assert r2.status_code == 201, r2.text
+    assert r2.json()["target_account_id"] == giro["id"]
+
+
 def test_same_word_across_kinds_allowed(admin):
     a, b = _expense_cats(admin, 2)
     inc = _income_cat(admin)

web/src/locales/de.json

@@ -173,8 +173,9 @@
   },
   "transferRules": {
     "title": "Transfer-Erkennung",
-    "hint": "Buchungen, deren Text eines dieser Wörter enthält, werden als Transfer erkannt. Das Zielkonto wird aus dem Buchungstext über die Erkennungs-Texte je Konto (Konto bearbeiten, Art Text) erraten.",
+    "hint": "Buchungen, deren Text eines dieser Wörter enthält (z. B. „Revolut“), werden als Transfer gesetzt. Das Zielkonto kannst du fest wählen – oder automatisch aus dem Buchungstext erraten lassen (über die Erkennungs-Texte je Konto: Konto bearbeiten, Art „Text“).",
     "wordPlaceholder": "Wort (z. B. Übertrag)",
+    "autoTarget": "automatisch",
     "empty": "Noch keine Transfer-Schlagwörter."
   },
   "categories": {

web/src/locales/en.json

@@ -173,8 +173,9 @@
   },
   "transferRules": {
     "title": "Transfer detection",
-    "hint": "Transactions whose text contains one of these words are recognized as a transfer. The target account is guessed from the booking text via each account's detection texts (edit account, kind Text).",
+    "hint": "Transactions whose text contains one of these words (e.g. “Revolut”) are set as a transfer. Pick a fixed target account – or let it be guessed automatically from the booking text (via each account's detection texts: edit account, kind “Text”).",
     "wordPlaceholder": "Word (e.g. Transfer)",
+    "autoTarget": "automatic",
     "empty": "No transfer keywords yet."
   },
   "categories": {

web/src/pages/Accounts.jsx

@@ -36,13 +36,15 @@ function emptyForm() {
 
 // Globale Transfer-Schlagwörter: Text im Buchungstext -> Transfer. Das Zielkonto
 // wird über die Erkennungs-Texte je Konto (Identifikator-Art „Text") erraten.
-function TransferKeywords() {
+function TransferKeywords({ accounts }) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   const toast = useToast();
   const [words, setWords] = useState([]);
   const [input, setInput] = useState("");
   const [amount, setAmount] = useState("");
+  const [target, setTarget] = useState("");
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
+  const accName = (id) => accounts.find((a) => a.id === id)?.name;
 
   async function laden() {
     try { setWords(await api.listTransferKeywords()); }
@@ -58,9 +60,11 @@ function TransferKeywords() {
       const body = { word: w };
       const c = parseAmountToCents(amount);
       if (c) body.amount_cents = c;
+      if (target) body.target_account_id = Number(target);
       await api.addTransferKeyword(body);
       setInput("");
       setAmount("");
+      setTarget("");
       await laden();
     } catch (err) {
       toast(err.message, "error");
@@ -82,9 +86,14 @@ function TransferKeywords() {
                onChange={(e) => setInput(e.target.value)}
                onKeyDown={(e) => { if (e.key === "Enter") { e.preventDefault(); hinzufuegen(); } }} />
         <input value={amount} inputMode="decimal" placeholder={t("categories.keywordAmount")}
-               style={{ flex: "0 0 120px", minWidth: 0, marginTop: 0 }}
+               style={{ flex: "0 0 110px", minWidth: 0, marginTop: 0 }}
                onChange={(e) => setAmount(e.target.value)}
                onKeyDown={(e) => { if (e.key === "Enter") { e.preventDefault(); hinzufuegen(); } }} />
+        <select value={target} onChange={(e) => setTarget(e.target.value)}
+                style={{ flex: "0 0 160px", minWidth: 0, marginTop: 0 }}>
+          <option value="">{t("transferRules.autoTarget")}</option>
+          {accounts.map((a) => <option key={a.id} value={a.id}>{a.name}</option>)}
+        </select>
         <button className="btn" onClick={hinzufuegen} disabled={busy || !input.trim()}>
           <Icon name="plus" size={15} />
         </button>
@@ -97,6 +106,7 @@ function TransferKeywords() {
             <span className="kw-chip" key={w.id}>
               {w.word}
               {w.amount_cents ? <span className="kw-amount">= {centsToInput(w.amount_cents)}</span> : null}
+              <span className="kw-amount">→ {w.target_account_id ? (accName(w.target_account_id) || "?") : t("transferRules.autoTarget")}</span>
               <button type="button" title={t("common.delete")} onClick={() => entfernen(w.id)}>
                 <Icon name="close" size={13} />
               </button>
@@ -239,7 +249,7 @@ export default function Accounts() {
         </div>
       )}
 
-      <TransferKeywords />
+      <TransferKeywords accounts={accounts} />
 
       {form && (
         <Modal