iOS: Kategorie-Typfilter + Lagerort-Hierarchie (aufklappbarer Baum)

Gemeinsame TreeMasterView fuer hierarchische Stammdaten (Ein-/Ausklappen,
Anlegen, Bearbeiten, Loeschen):
- Kategorien: Segment-Filter Alle/Lebensmittel/Gegenstaende (wie im Web); in
  der Alle-Ansicht zeigt jede Zeile ihre Art. Anlegen/Bearbeiten waehlt die
  Verwaltungsart (neu: createCategory mit tracking, updateCategory).
- Lagerorte: werden jetzt als aufklappbarer Baum gezeigt statt flach. Beim
  Anlegen laesst sich ein Elternort waehlen (Hierarchie aufbauen); Umhaengen
  unterstuetzt der Server nicht, Bearbeiten bleibt daher Umbenennen.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ios/Sources/APIClient.swift

@@ -410,6 +410,12 @@ actor APIClient {
         return try await send(request, as: CategoryItem.self)
     }
 
+    func updateCategory(id: Int, _ payload: CategoryUpdateRequest) async throws -> CategoryItem {
+        var request = try makeRequest("/categories/\(id)", method: "PATCH")
+        try jsonBody(&request, payload)
+        return try await send(request, as: CategoryItem.self)
+    }
+
     func deleteCategory(id: Int) async throws {
         try await sendNoContent(try makeRequest("/categories/\(id)", method: "DELETE"))
     }

ios/Sources/MasterDataViews.swift

@@ -171,6 +171,185 @@ struct MasterDataListView<Editor: View>: View {
     }
 }
 
+// MARK: - Aufklappbarer Baum (Kategorien, Lagerorte)
+
+/// Ein-/ausklappbare Baumliste für hierarchische Stammdaten. Kümmert sich um
+/// Baumreihenfolge, Ein-/Ausklappen, Anlegen, Bearbeiten und Löschen. Die
+/// Besonderheiten (Kopfzeile mit Filter, Zeilen-Hinweis, Editor) kommen von
+/// außen herein, damit Kategorien und Lagerorte dieselbe Mechanik teilen.
+struct TreeMasterView<Item: TreeItem, Header: View, Editor: View>: View {
+    let title: String
+    let singular: String
+    let load: () async throws -> [Item]
+    let delete: (Int) async throws -> Void
+    /// Optionaler kleiner Hinweis am Zeilenende (z. B. der Kategorie-Typ).
+    let badge: (Item) -> String?
+    /// Nur Einträge, die das erfüllen, werden gezeigt (z. B. der Typ-Filter).
+    let include: (Item) -> Bool
+    @ViewBuilder let header: () -> Header
+    @ViewBuilder let editor: (_ editing: Item?, _ all: [Item], _ done: @escaping () -> Void) -> Editor
+
+    @State private var items: [Item] = []
+    @State private var collapsed: Set<Int> = []
+    @State private var busy = true
+    @State private var error: String?
+    @State private var editing: Item?
+    @State private var addShown = false
+    @State private var pendingDeletion: Item?
+
+    private struct Node: Identifiable {
+        let item: Item
+        let depth: Int
+        var id: Int { item.id }
+    }
+
+    private var shown: [Item] { items.filter(include) }
+
+    /// Baumreihenfolge mit Tiefe. Waisen (Elternteil gefiltert/gelöscht) gelten
+    /// als oberste Ebene, damit nichts verschwindet.
+    private var nodes: [Node] {
+        let list = shown
+        let ids = Set(list.map(\.id))
+        var result: [Node] = []
+        func walk(_ n: Item, _ depth: Int) {
+            result.append(Node(item: n, depth: depth))
+            for child in list.filter({ $0.parentId == n.id }) { walk(child, depth + 1) }
+        }
+        for root in list.filter({ $0.parentId == nil || !ids.contains($0.parentId!) }) {
+            walk(root, 0)
+        }
+        return result
+    }
+
+    private func childCount(_ id: Int) -> Int { shown.filter { $0.parentId == id }.count }
+
+    private var visible: [Node] {
+        let parent = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues: shown.map { ($0.id, $0.parentId) })
+        func hidden(_ id: Int) -> Bool {
+            var p = parent[id] ?? nil
+            while let cur = p {
+                if collapsed.contains(cur) { return true }
+                p = parent[cur] ?? nil
+            }
+            return false
+        }
+        return nodes.filter { !hidden($0.item.id) }
+    }
+
+    var body: some View {
+        VStack(spacing: 0) {
+            header()
+            List {
+                if let error {
+                    Section { Text(error).foregroundStyle(.red).font(.callout) }
+                }
+                ForEach(visible) { node in
+                    row(node)
+                        .swipeActions(edge: .trailing) {
+                            Button("Löschen", role: .destructive) { pendingDeletion = node.item }
+                        }
+                }
+                if shown.isEmpty && !busy {
+                    Text("Nichts vorhanden.").foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        .navigationTitle(title)
+        .navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
+        .toolbar {
+            ToolbarItem(placement: .topBarTrailing) {
+                Button("Hinzufügen", systemImage: "plus") { addShown = true }
+            }
+        }
+        .sheet(isPresented: $addShown) {
+            editor(nil, items) { Task { await reload() } }
+        }
+        .sheet(item: $editing) { item in
+            editor(item, items) { Task { await reload() } }
+        }
+        .confirmationDialog(
+            pendingDeletion.map { "„\($0.name)“ löschen?" } ?? "",
+            isPresented: Binding(get: { pendingDeletion != nil },
+                                 set: { if !$0 { pendingDeletion = nil } }),
+            titleVisibility: .visible
+        ) {
+            Button("Löschen", role: .destructive) {
+                if let item = pendingDeletion { Task { await remove(item) } }
+                pendingDeletion = nil
+            }
+            Button("Abbrechen", role: .cancel) { pendingDeletion = nil }
+        } message: {
+            Text("Wird \(singular.lowercased()) noch verwendet oder hat Untereinträge, entscheidet der Server.")
+        }
+        .refreshable { await reload() }
+        .task { await reload() }
+    }
+
+    @ViewBuilder
+    private func row(_ node: Node) -> some View {
+        let kinder = childCount(node.item.id)
+        let zu = collapsed.contains(node.item.id)
+        HStack(spacing: 8) {
+            if kinder > 0 {
+                Button {
+                    withAnimation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.15)) { toggle(node.item.id) }
+                } label: {
+                    Image(systemName: "chevron.right")
+                        .font(.caption.weight(.semibold))
+                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                        .rotationEffect(.degrees(zu ? 0 : 90))
+                        .frame(width: 18)
+                }
+                .buttonStyle(.plain)
+            } else {
+                Color.clear.frame(width: 18, height: 1)
+            }
+            Button {
+                editing = node.item
+            } label: {
+                HStack(spacing: 8) {
+                    Text(node.item.name).foregroundStyle(.primary)
+                    if zu && kinder > 0 {
+                        Text("\(kinder) ausgeblendet").font(.caption2).foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
+                    }
+                    Spacer()
+                    if let hinweis = badge(node.item) {
+                        Text(hinweis).font(.caption2).foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                    }
+                }
+                .contentShape(Rectangle())
+            }
+            .buttonStyle(.plain)
+        }
+        .padding(.leading, CGFloat(node.depth) * 16)
+    }
+
+    private func toggle(_ id: Int) {
+        if collapsed.contains(id) { collapsed.remove(id) } else { collapsed.insert(id) }
+    }
+
+    private func reload() async {
+        busy = true
+        defer { busy = false }
+        do {
+            items = try await load()
+            error = nil
+        } catch {
+            self.error = error.localizedDescription
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func remove(_ item: Item) async {
+        do {
+            try await delete(item.id)
+            error = nil
+            await reload()
+        } catch {
+            self.error = error.localizedDescription
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Kleiner Editor fuer alles, was nur einen Namen hat.
 struct NameEditor: View {
     @Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss
@@ -236,31 +415,112 @@ struct NameEditor: View {
 
 struct LocationsView: View {
     var body: some View {
-        MasterDataListView(
+        TreeMasterView(
             title: "Lagerorte",
             singular: "Der Lagerort",
-            load: {
+            load: { try await APIClient.shared.locations() },
-                try await APIClient.shared.locations().map {
+            delete: { try await APIClient.shared.deleteLocation(id: $0) },
-                    MasterDataItem(id: $0.id, title: $0.name, subtitle: "", isBuiltin: false)
+            badge: { _ in nil },
+            include: { _ in true },
+            header: { EmptyView() },
+            editor: { item, all, done in
+                LocationEditor(item: item, all: all, done: done)
             }
-            },
-            delete: { try await APIClient.shared.deleteLocation(id: $0) }
-        ) { item, done in
-            NameEditor(
-                title: item == nil ? "Lagerort anlegen" : "Lagerort umbenennen",
-                initial: item?.title ?? "",
-                save: { name in
-                    if let item {
-                        _ = try await APIClient.shared.renameLocation(id: item.id, name: name)
-                    } else {
-                        _ = try await APIClient.shared.createLocation(
-                            NewLocationRequest(name: name, parentId: nil))
-                    }
-                },
-                done: done
         )
     }
 }
+
+/// Lagerort anlegen (mit optionalem Elternort, um die Hierarchie aufzubauen)
+/// oder umbenennen. Umhängen unterstützt der Server nicht – beim Bearbeiten
+/// gibt es deshalb nur den Namen.
+struct LocationEditor: View {
+    @Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss
+
+    let item: StorageLocation?
+    let all: [StorageLocation]
+    let done: () -> Void
+
+    @State private var name: String
+    @State private var parentId: Int?
+    @State private var error: String?
+    @State private var busy = false
+
+    init(item: StorageLocation?, all: [StorageLocation], done: @escaping () -> Void) {
+        self.item = item
+        self.all = all
+        self.done = done
+        _name = State(initialValue: item?.name ?? "")
+        _parentId = State(initialValue: item?.parentId)
+    }
+
+    var body: some View {
+        NavigationStack {
+            Form {
+                Section("Name") {
+                    TextField("z. B. Keller", text: $name)
+                }
+                // Elternort nur beim Anlegen: der Server kann bestehende Orte
+                // nicht umhängen.
+                if item == nil {
+                    Section {
+                        Picker("Übergeordnet", selection: $parentId) {
+                            Text("– oberste Ebene –").tag(Int?.none)
+                            ForEach(all) { loc in
+                                Text(LocationEditor.pfad(loc, in: all)).tag(Int?.some(loc.id))
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } header: {
+                        Text("Übergeordneter Lagerort (optional)")
+                    }
+                }
+                if let error {
+                    Section { Text(error).foregroundStyle(.red).font(.callout) }
+                }
+            }
+            .navigationTitle(item == nil ? "Lagerort anlegen" : "Lagerort umbenennen")
+            .navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
+            .toolbar {
+                ToolbarItem(placement: .topBarLeading) {
+                    Button("Abbrechen") { dismiss() }
+                }
+                ToolbarItem(placement: .topBarTrailing) {
+                    Button(busy ? "Sichern…" : "Sichern") { Task { await submit() } }
+                        .disabled(busy || name.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces).isEmpty)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func submit() async {
+        busy = true
+        defer { busy = false }
+        let n = name.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+        do {
+            if let item {
+                _ = try await APIClient.shared.renameLocation(id: item.id, name: n)
+            } else {
+                _ = try await APIClient.shared.createLocation(
+                    NewLocationRequest(name: n, parentId: parentId))
+            }
+            done()
+            dismiss()
+        } catch {
+            self.error = error.localizedDescription
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// "Keller → Regal" – der Pfad macht gleiche Namen im flachen Picker
+    /// unterscheidbar.
+    private static func pfad(_ loc: StorageLocation, in all: [StorageLocation]) -> String {
+        let byId = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues: all.map { ($0.id, $0) })
+        var teile = [loc.name]
+        var pid = loc.parentId
+        while let cur = pid, let parent = byId[cur] {
+            teile.insert(parent.name, at: 0)
+            pid = parent.parentId
+        }
+        return teile.joined(separator: " → ")
+    }
 }
 
 struct UnitsView: View {
@@ -469,173 +729,113 @@ struct PackageTypeEditor: View {
     }
 }
 
-/// Kategorien als ein-/ausklappbarer Baum (wie im Web). Ein Pfeil klappt die
+/// Kategorien als ein-/ausklappbarer Baum (wie im Web) mit Typ-Filter
-/// Unterkategorien auf und zu; Anlegen, Umbenennen und Löschen bleiben.
+/// Lebensmittel/Gegenstände. Anlegen und Bearbeiten wählen die Verwaltungsart.
 struct CategoriesView: View {
-    @State private var categories: [CategoryItem] = []
+    // "" = alle, sonst "food"/"object".
-    @State private var collapsed: Set<Int> = []
+    @State private var typFilter = ""
-    @State private var busy = true
+
+    var body: some View {
+        TreeMasterView(
+            title: "Kategorien",
+            singular: "Die Kategorie",
+            load: { try await APIClient.shared.categories() },
+            delete: { try await APIClient.shared.deleteCategory(id: $0) },
+            // Typ nur in der „Alle"-Ansicht zeigen – gefiltert wäre er redundant.
+            badge: { typFilter == "" ? CategoriesView.typLabel($0.tracking) : nil },
+            include: { typFilter == "" || ($0.tracking ?? "food") == typFilter },
+            header: {
+                Picker("Typ", selection: $typFilter) {
+                    Text("Alle").tag("")
+                    Text("Lebensmittel").tag("food")
+                    Text("Gegenstände").tag("object")
+                }
+                .pickerStyle(.segmented)
+                .padding(.horizontal)
+                .padding(.vertical, 8)
+            },
+            editor: { item, _, done in
+                CategoryEditor(item: item, done: done)
+            }
+        )
+    }
+
+    static func typLabel(_ tracking: String?) -> String {
+        tracking == "object" ? "Gegenstand" : "Lebensmittel"
+    }
+}
+
+/// Kategorie anlegen oder bearbeiten: Name und Verwaltungsart (Lebensmittel vs.
+/// Gegenstand). Neue Kategorien entstehen auf oberster Ebene; Verschachteln
+/// bleibt der Web-Oberfläche vorbehalten.
+struct CategoryEditor: View {
+    @Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss
+
+    let item: CategoryItem?
+    let done: () -> Void
+
+    @State private var name: String
+    @State private var tracking: String
     @State private var error: String?
-    @State private var editing: CategoryItem?
+    @State private var busy = false
-    @State private var addShown = false
-    @State private var pendingDeletion: CategoryItem?
 
-    private struct Node: Identifiable {
+    init(item: CategoryItem?, done: @escaping () -> Void) {
-        let item: CategoryItem
+        self.item = item
-        let depth: Int
+        self.done = done
-        var id: Int { item.id }
+        _name = State(initialValue: item?.name ?? "")
-    }
+        _tracking = State(initialValue: item?.tracking ?? "object")
-
-    /// Baumreihenfolge mit Tiefe. Waisen (Oberkategorie gelöscht) gelten als
-    /// oberste Ebene, damit nichts verschwindet.
-    private var nodes: [Node] {
-        let ids = Set(categories.map(\.id))
-        var result: [Node] = []
-        func walk(_ node: CategoryItem, _ depth: Int) {
-            result.append(Node(item: node, depth: depth))
-            for child in categories.filter({ $0.parentId == node.id }) {
-                walk(child, depth + 1)
-            }
-        }
-        for root in categories.filter({ $0.parentId == nil || !ids.contains($0.parentId!) }) {
-            walk(root, 0)
-        }
-        return result
-    }
-
-    private func childCount(_ id: Int) -> Int {
-        categories.filter { $0.parentId == id }.count
-    }
-
-    /// Sichtbar ist ein Knoten, solange keiner seiner Vorfahren zugeklappt ist.
-    private var visible: [Node] {
-        let parent = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues: categories.map { ($0.id, $0.parentId) })
-        func verborgen(_ id: Int) -> Bool {
-            var p = parent[id] ?? nil
-            while let cur = p {
-                if collapsed.contains(cur) { return true }
-                p = parent[cur] ?? nil
-            }
-            return false
-        }
-        return nodes.filter { !verborgen($0.item.id) }
     }
 
     var body: some View {
-        List {
+        NavigationStack {
+            Form {
+                Section("Name") {
+                    TextField("z. B. Elektronik", text: $name)
+                }
+                Section {
+                    Picker("Art", selection: $tracking) {
+                        Text("Lebensmittel").tag("food")
+                        Text("Gegenstand").tag("object")
+                    }
+                    .pickerStyle(.segmented)
+                } header: {
+                    Text("Verwaltungsart")
+                } footer: {
+                    Text("Lebensmittel: Chargen mit Mindesthaltbarkeit. Gegenstand: Menge je Lagerort bzw. Einzelstücke. Unterkategorien erben die Art.")
+                }
                 if let error {
                     Section { Text(error).foregroundStyle(.red).font(.callout) }
                 }
-            ForEach(visible) { node in
-                row(node)
-                    .swipeActions(edge: .trailing) {
-                        Button("Löschen", role: .destructive) { pendingDeletion = node.item }
             }
-            }
+            .navigationTitle(item == nil ? "Kategorie anlegen" : "Kategorie bearbeiten")
-            if categories.isEmpty && !busy {
-                Text("Noch keine Kategorien.").foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-            }
-        }
-        .navigationTitle("Kategorien")
             .navigationBarTitleDisplayMode(.inline)
             .toolbar {
+                ToolbarItem(placement: .topBarLeading) {
+                    Button("Abbrechen") { dismiss() }
+                }
                 ToolbarItem(placement: .topBarTrailing) {
-                Button("Hinzufügen", systemImage: "plus") { addShown = true }
+                    Button(busy ? "Sichern…" : "Sichern") { Task { await submit() } }
+                        .disabled(busy || name.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces).isEmpty)
                 }
             }
-        .sheet(isPresented: $addShown) {
-            NameEditor(
-                title: "Kategorie anlegen",
-                save: { _ = try await APIClient.shared.createCategory(
-                    NewCategoryRequest(name: $0, parentId: nil)) },
-                done: { Task { await reload() } }
-            )
         }
-        .sheet(item: $editing) { item in
-            NameEditor(
-                title: "Kategorie umbenennen",
-                initial: item.name,
-                save: { _ = try await APIClient.shared.renameCategory(id: item.id, name: $0) },
-                done: { Task { await reload() } }
-            )
-        }
-        .confirmationDialog(
-            pendingDeletion.map { "„\($0.name)“ löschen?" } ?? "",
-            isPresented: Binding(get: { pendingDeletion != nil },
-                                 set: { if !$0 { pendingDeletion = nil } }),
-            titleVisibility: .visible
-        ) {
-            Button("Löschen", role: .destructive) {
-                if let item = pendingDeletion { Task { await remove(item) } }
-                pendingDeletion = nil
-            }
-            Button("Abbrechen", role: .cancel) { pendingDeletion = nil }
-        } message: {
-            Text("Unterkategorien rücken eine Ebene nach oben. Eigene Felder dieser Kategorie werden entfernt.")
-        }
-        .refreshable { await reload() }
-        .task { await reload() }
     }
 
-    @ViewBuilder
+    private func submit() async {
-    private func row(_ node: Node) -> some View {
-        let kinder = childCount(node.item.id)
-        let zu = collapsed.contains(node.item.id)
-        HStack(spacing: 8) {
-            if kinder > 0 {
-                Button {
-                    withAnimation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.15)) { toggle(node.item.id) }
-                } label: {
-                    Image(systemName: "chevron.right")
-                        .font(.caption.weight(.semibold))
-                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                        .rotationEffect(.degrees(zu ? 0 : 90))
-                        .frame(width: 18)
-                }
-                .buttonStyle(.plain)
-            } else {
-                Color.clear.frame(width: 18, height: 1)
-            }
-            Button {
-                editing = node.item
-            } label: {
-                HStack(spacing: 8) {
-                    Text(node.item.name).foregroundStyle(.primary)
-                    if zu && kinder > 0 {
-                        Text("\(kinder) ausgeblendet")
-                            .font(.caption2).foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
-                    }
-                    Spacer()
-                }
-                .contentShape(Rectangle())
-            }
-            .buttonStyle(.plain)
-        }
-        .padding(.leading, CGFloat(node.depth) * 16)
-    }
-
-    private func toggle(_ id: Int) {
-        if collapsed.contains(id) { collapsed.remove(id) } else { collapsed.insert(id) }
-    }
-
-    private func reload() async {
         busy = true
         defer { busy = false }
+        let n = name.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
         do {
-            categories = try await APIClient.shared.categories()
+            if let item {
-            error = nil
+                _ = try await APIClient.shared.updateCategory(
-        } catch {
+                    id: item.id, CategoryUpdateRequest(name: n, tracking: tracking))
-            self.error = error.localizedDescription
+            } else {
+                _ = try await APIClient.shared.createCategory(
+                    NewCategoryRequest(name: n, parentId: nil, tracking: tracking))
             }
-    }
+            done()
-
+            dismiss()
-    private func remove(_ item: CategoryItem) async {
-        do {
-            try await APIClient.shared.deleteCategory(id: item.id)
-            error = nil
-            await reload()
         } catch {
-            // Der Server begründet die Ablehnung – die Meldung unverändert zeigen.
             self.error = error.localizedDescription
         }
     }

ios/Sources/Models.swift

@@ -446,6 +446,18 @@ struct CategoryItem: Codable, Identifiable, Hashable {
     var isObject: Bool { tracking == "object" }
 }
 
+// MARK: - Hierarchische Stammdaten
+
+/// Gemeinsame Form baumartiger Stammdaten (Kategorien, Lagerorte): eine flache
+/// Liste mit Eltern-Verweis, aus der sich der Baum aufbauen lässt.
+protocol TreeItem: Identifiable where ID == Int {
+    var name: String { get }
+    var parentId: Int? { get }
+}
+
+extension CategoryItem: TreeItem {}
+extension StorageLocation: TreeItem {}
+
 /// Shop / Bezugsquelle fuer Gegenstaende ("gekauft bei").
 struct ShopItem: Codable, Identifiable, Hashable {
     let id: Int
@@ -856,13 +868,19 @@ struct NewPackageTypeRequest: Codable {
 struct NewCategoryRequest: Codable {
     let name: String
     let parentId: Int?
+    var tracking: String? = nil
 
     enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
-        case name
+        case name, tracking
         case parentId = "parent_id"
     }
 }
 
+struct CategoryUpdateRequest: Codable {
+    let name: String?
+    let tracking: String?
+}
+
 struct NewShopRequest: Codable {
     let name: String
     let website: String?