TrainPulse: Live-Zugkarte Schweiz (Grundgerüst)
Fahrplan-Aufbereitung (Bahnfilter + pfaedle), GTFS-RT-Abruf, Positionsberechnung entlang der Strecke, Weboberfläche mit Karte/Satellit, Proxmox-LXC-Installation. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01X48pE4bzjHej8w9HyZXCjb
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Guido
Claude Opus 5.5
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"""Hält einen aufbereiteten Bahn-Fahrplan im Speicher und berechnet daraus Zugpositionen
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entlang der Strecke (Fahrplan + Echtzeit-Verspätung -> Position auf dem Streckenverlauf)."""
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import csv
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import datetime as dt
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import json
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import math
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from array import array
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from bisect import bisect_right
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from pathlib import Path
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from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
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from . import config as C
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TZ = ZoneInfo(C.TZ)
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CAL_DAYS = 14 # so viele Tage Ausnahmen aus calendar_dates laden (die Datei ist riesig)
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def hms(s: str) -> int:
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h, m, sec = s.split(":")
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return int(h) * 3600 + int(m) * 60 + int(sec)
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def day_start(d: dt.date) -> float:
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# GTFS-Zeiten zählen ab "Mittag minus 12 h" – stimmt auch an Tagen mit Zeitumstellung
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return dt.datetime(d.year, d.month, d.day, 12, tzinfo=TZ).timestamp() - 43200
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def read(path: Path):
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with open(path, encoding="utf-8-sig", newline="") as f:
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r = csv.reader(f)
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h = {k: i for i, k in enumerate(next(r))}
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for row in r:
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yield h, row
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def xy(lon, lat, lat0): # lokale Projektion in Metern, reicht für Abstände entlang einer Strecke
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return lon * 111320 * math.cos(math.radians(lat0)), lat * 110540
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class Feed:
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def __init__(self, path: Path, today: dt.date | None = None):
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self.path = path
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self.meta = json.loads((path / "meta.json").read_text())
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self.version = self.meta["feed_version"]
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self.stop_index, self.stop_name, self.stop_lat, self.stop_lon, self.stop_platform = {}, [], [], [], []
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for h, r in read(path / "stops.txt"):
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self.stop_index[r[h["stop_id"]]] = len(self.stop_name)
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self.stop_name.append(r[h["stop_name"]])
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self.stop_lat.append(float(r[h["stop_lat"]]))
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self.stop_lon.append(float(r[h["stop_lon"]]))
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self.stop_platform.append(r[h["platform_code"]] if "platform_code" in h else "")
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agencies = {r[h["agency_id"]]: r[h["agency_name"]] for h, r in read(path / "agency.txt")}
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self.routes = {}
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for h, r in read(path / "routes.txt"):
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self.routes[r[h["route_id"]]] = {
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"line": r[h["route_short_name"]] or r[h.get("route_long_name", 0)],
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"cat": r[h["route_desc"]] if "route_desc" in h else "",
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"agency": agencies.get(r[h["agency_id"]], "") if "agency_id" in h else "",
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}
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self.trip_index, self.trip_ids, self.trip_route, self.trip_service = {}, [], [], []
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self.trip_headsign, self.trip_number, self.trip_shape = [], [], []
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for h, r in read(path / "trips.txt"):
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self.trip_index[r[h["trip_id"]]] = len(self.trip_route)
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self.trip_ids.append(r[h["trip_id"]])
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self.trip_route.append(r[h["route_id"]])
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self.trip_service.append(r[h["service_id"]])
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self.trip_headsign.append(r[h["trip_headsign"]] if "trip_headsign" in h else "")
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self.trip_number.append(r[h["trip_short_name"]] if "trip_short_name" in h else "")
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self.trip_shape.append(r[h["shape_id"]] if "shape_id" in h else "")
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# Haltezeiten flach in Arrays; off[i]..off[i+1] sind die Halte von Fahrt i
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n = len(self.trip_route)
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self.off = array("i", [0]) * (n + 1)
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self.st_stop, self.st_seq, self.st_arr, self.st_dep = array("i"), array("i"), array("i"), array("i")
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rows = {}
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for h, r in read(path / "stop_times.txt"):
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rows.setdefault(self.trip_index[r[h["trip_id"]]], []).append(
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(int(r[h["stop_sequence"]]), self.stop_index[r[h["stop_id"]]], hms(r[h["arrival_time"]]), hms(r[h["departure_time"]])))
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for ti in range(n):
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self.off[ti] = len(self.st_stop)
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for seq, s, a, d in sorted(rows.pop(ti, ())):
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self.st_seq.append(seq)
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self.st_stop.append(s)
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self.st_arr.append(a)
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self.st_dep.append(d)
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self.off[n] = len(self.st_stop)
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self.shapes = {}
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if (path / "shapes.txt").exists():
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pts = {}
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for h, r in read(path / "shapes.txt"):
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pts.setdefault(r[h["shape_id"]], []).append(
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(int(r[h["shape_pt_sequence"]]), float(r[h["shape_pt_lon"]]), float(r[h["shape_pt_lat"]])))
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for sid, p in pts.items():
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p.sort()
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self.shapes[sid] = [(lon, lat) for _, lon, lat in p]
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self.calendar = {}
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for h, r in read(path / "calendar.txt"):
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self.calendar[r[h["service_id"]]] = (
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[r[h[d]] == "1" for d in ("monday", "tuesday", "wednesday", "thursday", "friday", "saturday", "sunday")],
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r[h["start_date"]], r[h["end_date"]])
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today = today or dt.datetime.now(TZ).date()
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self.cal_from = today - dt.timedelta(days=1)
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self.cal_until = today + dt.timedelta(days=CAL_DAYS)
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window = {(self.cal_from + dt.timedelta(days=i)).strftime("%Y%m%d") for i in range(CAL_DAYS + 2)}
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self.exceptions = {} # datum -> {service_id: 1 (fährt) | 2 (fährt nicht)}
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cd = path / "calendar_dates.txt"
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if cd.exists():
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with open(cd, encoding="utf-8-sig") as f:
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assert next(f).strip().replace('"', "").startswith("service_id,date,exception_type")
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for line in f:
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sid, date, typ = line.rstrip("\r\n").rsplit(",", 2)
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date = date.strip('"')
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if date in window:
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self.exceptions.setdefault(date, {})[sid.strip('"')] = int(typ.strip('"'))
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self._day_cache = {}
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self._geom_cache = {}
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# ---------- Kalender ----------
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def trips_on(self, d: dt.date):
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"""Fahrten eines Betriebstags, sortiert nach Abfahrt: (start, ende, trip_index)."""
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if d not in self._day_cache:
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ds = d.strftime("%Y%m%d")
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exc = self.exceptions.get(ds, {})
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active = {sid for sid, (days, a, b) in self.calendar.items() if a <= ds <= b and days[d.weekday()]}
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active |= {sid for sid, t in exc.items() if t == 1}
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active -= {sid for sid, t in exc.items() if t == 2}
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lst = sorted((self.st_dep[self.off[ti]], self.st_arr[self.off[ti + 1] - 1], ti)
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for ti, sid in enumerate(self.trip_service)
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if sid in active and self.off[ti + 1] - self.off[ti] >= 2)
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if len(self._day_cache) > 4:
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self._day_cache.clear()
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self._day_cache[d] = lst
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return self._day_cache[d]
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def covers(self, d: dt.date) -> bool:
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return self.cal_from <= d <= self.cal_until
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# ---------- Geometrie ----------
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def geometry(self, ti: int):
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"""Streckenverlauf einer Fahrt: Punkte, kumulierte Meter, Meter-Position jedes Halts."""
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o0, o1 = self.off[ti], self.off[ti + 1]
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stops = tuple(self.st_stop[o0:o1])
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key = (self.trip_shape[ti], stops)
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g = self._geom_cache.get(key)
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if g:
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return g
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shape = self.shapes.get(self.trip_shape[ti])
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pts = shape or [(self.stop_lon[s], self.stop_lat[s]) for s in stops]
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lat0 = pts[0][1]
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P = [xy(lon, lat, lat0) for lon, lat in pts]
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cum = [0.0]
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for (x1, y1), (x2, y2) in zip(P, P[1:]):
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cum.append(cum[-1] + math.hypot(x2 - x1, y2 - y1))
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if shape:
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stop_d, j = [], 0
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for s in stops:
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px, py = xy(self.stop_lon[s], self.stop_lat[s], lat0)
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best = (float("inf"), cum[j], j)
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for k in range(j, len(P) - 1):
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(x1, y1), (x2, y2) = P[k], P[k + 1]
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dx, dy = x2 - x1, y2 - y1
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seg = dx * dx + dy * dy
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t = 0.0 if seg == 0 else max(0.0, min(1.0, ((px - x1) * dx + (py - y1) * dy) / seg))
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dist = math.hypot(x1 + t * dx - px, y1 + t * dy - py)
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if dist < best[0]:
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best = (dist, cum[k] + t * (cum[k + 1] - cum[k]), k)
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elif best[0] < 100 and dist > best[0] + 1000:
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break # nächster Halt gefunden, nicht bis ans Streckenende weitersuchen
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stop_d.append(best[1])
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j = best[2]
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else:
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stop_d = cum
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g = (pts, cum, stop_d)
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self._geom_cache[key] = g
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return g
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@staticmethod
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def point_at(g, d: float):
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pts, cum, _ = g
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k = max(0, min(bisect_right(cum, d) - 1, len(pts) - 2))
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seg = cum[k + 1] - cum[k]
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t = 0.0 if seg <= 0 else (d - cum[k]) / seg
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(x1, y1), (x2, y2) = pts[k], pts[k + 1]
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return round(x1 + t * (x2 - x1), 6), round(y1 + t * (y2 - y1), 6)
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# ---------- Echtzeit ----------
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def times(self, ti: int, ds: float, upd):
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"""Ankunft/Abfahrt je Halt (Sekunden ab Betriebstag), mit Verspätungen aus GTFS-RT.
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Eine Verspätung gilt für alle folgenden Halte, bis eine neue gemeldet wird."""
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o0, o1 = self.off[ti], self.off[ti + 1]
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arr, dep = list(self.st_arr[o0:o1]), list(self.st_dep[o0:o1])
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if not upd:
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return arr, dep
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seqs = self.st_seq[o0:o1]
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by_i = {}
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for u in upd:
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i = bisect_right(seqs, u[0]) - 1
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if i >= 0 and seqs[i] == u[0]:
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by_i[i] = u
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cur, prev = None, -10 ** 9
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for i in range(len(arr)):
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u = by_i.get(i)
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if u and u[1] is not None:
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a = u[1] - ds if u[2] else arr[i] + u[1]
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cur = a - arr[i]
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else:
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a = arr[i] + (cur or 0)
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if u and u[3] is not None:
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d = u[3] - ds if u[4] else dep[i] + u[3]
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cur = d - dep[i]
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else:
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d = dep[i] + (cur or 0)
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a = max(a, prev)
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d = max(d, a)
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arr[i], dep[i], prev = a, d, d
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return arr, dep
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# ---------- Positionen ----------
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def vehicles(self, now: float, rt: dict):
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feats = []
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today = dt.datetime.fromtimestamp(now, TZ).date()
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for d in (today - dt.timedelta(days=1), today):
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ds, dstr = day_start(d), d.strftime("%Y%m%d")
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t = now - ds
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for start, end, ti in self.trips_on(d):
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if start > t + 600:
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break # Liste ist nach Abfahrt sortiert
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if end + 7200 < t: # grosszügig, damit verspätete Züge nicht verschwinden
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continue
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r = rt.get((self.trip_ids[ti], dstr))
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if r and r[0]:
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continue # ausgefallen
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arr, dep = self.times(ti, ds, r[1] if r else None)
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if not (dep[0] <= t <= arr[-1]):
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continue
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i = min(bisect_right(dep, t), len(dep) - 1) # Zug ist zwischen Halt i-1 und i (oder steht an Halt i)
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g = self.geometry(ti)
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sd = g[2]
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o = self.off[ti]
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if t >= arr[i]: # steht am Halt i
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dist, delay = sd[i], dep[i] - self.st_dep[o + i]
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else:
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f = (t - dep[i - 1]) / max(1, arr[i] - dep[i - 1])
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dist, delay = sd[i - 1] + f * (sd[i] - sd[i - 1]), arr[i] - self.st_arr[o + i]
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lon, lat = self.point_at(g, dist)
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route = self.routes[self.trip_route[ti]]
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feats.append({
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"type": "Feature",
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"geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [lon, lat]},
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"properties": {
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"id": f"{dstr}/{ti}", "line": route["line"], "cat": route["cat"],
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"nr": self.trip_number[ti], "to": self.trip_headsign[ti],
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"delay": delay if r else None, "next": self.stop_name[self.st_stop[o + i]],
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},
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})
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return feats
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def trip_detail(self, date: str, ti: int, now: float, rt: dict):
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d = dt.datetime.strptime(date, "%Y%m%d").date()
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ds = day_start(d)
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r = rt.get((self.trip_ids[ti], date))
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arr, dep = self.times(ti, ds, r[1] if r else None)
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o0, o1 = self.off[ti], self.off[ti + 1]
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def hhmm(sec):
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return dt.datetime.fromtimestamp(ds + sec, TZ).strftime("%H:%M")
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stops = []
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for k, i in enumerate(range(o0, o1)):
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s = self.st_stop[i]
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stops.append({
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"name": self.stop_name[s], "platform": self.stop_platform[s],
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"arr": hhmm(self.st_arr[i]) if k > 0 else None,
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"dep": hhmm(self.st_dep[i]) if i < o1 - 1 else None,
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"arr_delay": arr[k] - self.st_arr[i] if r else None,
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"dep_delay": dep[k] - self.st_dep[i] if r else None,
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"passed": now - ds > dep[k],
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})
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route = self.routes[self.trip_route[ti]]
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return {"line": route["line"], "cat": route["cat"], "agency": route["agency"],
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"nr": self.trip_number[ti], "to": self.trip_headsign[ti],
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"realtime": bool(r), "canceled": bool(r and r[0]),
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"stops": stops, "shape": self.geometry(ti)[0]}
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